Settlement was made by Champlain in 1608 and the first fort was built (1608), on the cliff, on the site of Dufferin Terrace. Until about 1670, Tadoussac was the chief trading post, then Quebec became the headquarters until Montreal was selected about 1700. The fortress was captured by Kirke in 1629 and returned to France in 1632 by the treaty of St. Germain-en-Laye. Frontenac repulsed Phipps in 1690. Wolfe captured Quebec September 1759. De Levis was repulsed by General Murray 1760 and Montgomery was repulsed by Carleton in 1775.